Open jaw flights might save you time and money if your business travel includes stops in more than one city. You might be wondering what an open jaw flight is and how it relates to business travel if you've never heard of this term before.
A normal round-trip airline ticket takes you from Point A to Point B and back again. An open jaw ticket, on the other hand, lets you fly into one city and back from another. You may fly from Point A to Point B, then drive to Point C, and then fly back to Point A from Point C.
This method gives you more freedom than a regular round-trip ticket, and open jaw tickets are generally cheaper than buying two separate one-way tickets.
You might not believe it, yet this happens more often than you think. Business trip itineraries often include visits to more than one city over the course of a few days. This could be because of internal site visits or a series of meetings with investors. It can be difficult to figure out how to get around on complicated multi-city trips like these, but open jaw planes are a useful tool for business travelers. In this article, we'll talk more about how to identify and book open jaw flights, as well as how to make the most of their time-saving potential.
Learning about the numerous kinds of open jaw flights
A regular round-trip ticket will show the same airports for both the outbound and return flights. There are three basic types of open jaw flights: destination, origin, and double open jaw flights. An open jaw ticket is one where the origin and destination are different.
What does it mean to have an open jaw flight to a destination?
The passenger flies from one city to another and then goes to a separate city to catch their flight back.
For example, a business traveler flies from London to Florence and then back to London from Rome.
What does it mean to have an origin open jaw flight?
The passenger flies from one city to another and then back to a city that is not their hometown.
For example, a business traveler flies from Manchester to Rome and then back to London from Rome.
What does it mean to have a double open jaw flight?
A double open jaw ticket is when the city of origin and the city of destination are different for both legs of a roundtrip itinerary.
Example: A business traveler flies from Manchester to Rome and then back from Florence to London.
What’s the difference between multi-city vs. open jaw tickets?
When you book a multi-city flight, you book more than one flight on the same reservation.
Imagine that your company is releasing a new product and you have to deliver speeches in Los Angeles, Chicago, and New York. You could book a flight that goes to more than one city and includes the following legs:
- From New York to Chicago
- From Chicago to Los Angeles
- From Los Angeles to New York
This is frequently cheaper than booking each leg of the trip as a separate one-way flight.
Open-jaw tickets don't include the intermediary flights of a multi-city package. You would need to take two flights for this scenario.
- From New York to Chicago
- From Los Angeles to New York
You could either take a bus or train between Chicago and Los Angeles or buy a separate one-way ticket that isn't on the open jaw fare.
An extended layover or stopover is another sort of multi-city journey. You put off your connecting flight for a few days so you can go to other places. Some airlines, like Icelandair, let travelers add a free layover that might last up to a week. But each airline has its unique rules about stopovers, so it's better to call them directly.
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The widespread use of hand sanitizer has fundamentally changed personal hygiene practices globally. However, its effectiveness relies entirely on proper application and understanding of its chemical composition. This guide provides a deeply researched look at what hand sanitizer is made of, the precise way to use it for maximum germ reduction, and the scientific considerations regarding its long-term use.
Part 1: The Chemical Blueprint—What Hand Sanitizer is Made Of
Hand sanitizers fall into two main categories: alcohol-based and non-alcohol-based. For clinical and public health purposes, alcohol-based hand sanitizers (ABHS) are the definitive standard.The Core Active Ingredients: Alcohols
The primary active ingredients that give ABHS its germ-killing power are short-chain alcohols:
| Alcohol Type | Purpose & Efficacy | Required Concentration |
| Ethyl Alcohol (Ethanol) | Most common. Highly effective against bacteria and viruses. | 60–95% (Best at 70–85%) |
| Isopropyl Alcohol (Isopropanol) | Often used in conjunction with ethanol; strong disinfectant properties. | 60–90% (Best at 70–85%) |
| N-Propanol | Used less frequently due to higher toxicity, but excellent germicidal properties. | Varies, often mixed with others. |
Mechanism of Action: These alcohols work by dissolving the lipid (fat) membrane that surrounds certain viruses (like coronaviruses and influenza) and denaturing (breaking down) the essential proteins of bacteria. This process, which happens almost instantly, effectively inactivates the pathogen.
Inactive Ingredients: Enhancing User Experience
To prevent the active alcohols from drying out the skin and to improve viscosity, ABHS typically includes:
- Humectants/Emollients: Ingredients like Glycerin, Aloe Vera, and Propylene Glycol help moisturize the skin, counteracting the drying effect of the alcohol.
- Thickeners: Polymers such as Polyacrylic Acid increase viscosity, allowing the product to sit on the hands long enough for the alcohol to work before evaporating.
- Water (Sterile): Used to dilute the alcohol to the optimal concentration (generally around 70%), as pure alcohol is less effective than a slightly diluted solution.
Friday is for dreaming about the weekend! Whether it's a big adventure or a quiet night in, I'd love to hear your plans.
Tell us: What are you most looking forward to doing this weekend?
I am looking forward to doing my hair.
Let’s be real about the condescending boss: they talk down to you because they have an inflated view of their own brilliance and a devalued opinion of pretty much everyone else. They treat conversations like a performance, permitting you to briefly join the stage before they zap your ideas with a verbal put-down or casually dismiss your suggestions.
They’re the person who sees the solution before you even finish stating the problem. And nothing is more insulting than their backhanded compliment when they assign work: “This is an easy one. Molly can handle it.”
What's Really Going On
You're Thinking (The Reality Check): Yes, they're smart about the business, but they have zero tact. Everyone tolerates the abrasive style because, annoyingly, they get results. I'm just lucky their arrogance is democratic—it's aimed at all of us. Still, when I make a point, and they preface their follow-up with, “What Molly was trying to say is…” it drives me insane. I can express myself perfectly well. Why do I let them make me feel small?
They're Thinking (The Delusion): They genuinely believe their staff is "panting" trying to keep up. They see their team's contributions as "misguided solutions" that mess things up. They think they’re performing sheer genius in the boardroom and that staff needs to be instructed: "Bring me only the problem, not your distorted thinking."
It's Time! Your Practical November & December Christmas Bucket List is Here.
November is officially here, and you know what that means: it's time to stop scrolling through holiday dreams and start planning those cozy, festive weekends. You're looking for practical, easy-to-do Christmas bucket list ideas that will actually happen between now and New Year's, and I'm here to deliver.
Forget Lapland trips (unless you're secretly a millionaire). Let's focus on the things to do in November and December that make the season magical without requiring a plane ticket or a huge budget.
We all have them: that favorite bath towel, the trusty hand towel by the sink, or the pile of beach towels that have seen countless summers. They seem to last forever, faithfully absorbing water day in and day out. But here's a truth few people consider: towels expire. Yes, your seemingly immortal towel has a lifespan, and continuing to use it past its prime isn't just a matter of aesthetics; it's a matter of hygiene, absorbency, and even efficiency.
As someone deeply involved in health and wellness, I've seen how overlooked everyday items impact our environment and well-being. A "dead" towel isn't just less effective; it can become a subtle, persistent problem. Let's look into the science and practical signs that tell you it's time to retire your trusty terry.
If you follow my Instagram, you might’ve seen the post where I shared my excitement about finally getting my copy of Hope in Action. But as always, I like to save my full reflections for the blog — and this book deserves it.
I still remember when the videos of Sanna Marin dancing broke out online. Headlines everywhere called her “the partying prime minister.” Politicians accused her of being unprofessional; others questioned her ability to lead. Watching that unfold felt cruel — a young woman leader being punished for simply being human. That noise made me curious about the person behind the headlines. So when I learned that Marin had written a memoir, I knew I had to read it.
The book, just over 250 pages, opens with her own words: “Hope is not naïve. It is a choice, and it requires action.” That line set the tone for everything that followed. Marin takes us through her early years growing up in a working-class Finnish family, raised by two women who struggled to make ends meet, yet instilled in her a fierce sense of fairness. By page 42, she writes about being the first in her family to attend university — and the quiet pressure that came with carrying other people’s hopes.
The most challenging section for me came midway through, when she describes those long nights during the first COVID-19 lockdowns. On page 118, she recalls sitting alone in her office at 2 a.m., drafting emergency decrees and wondering if the decisions she was making would cost lives. “Leadership,” she writes, “isn’t about certainty; it’s about carrying uncertainty with grace.” That line stayed with me. It reminded me that true courage often feels like doubt, not confidence.
I'm just so tired. If I told you I wasn't completely broken by the neighbors upstairs, I’d be lying. I’ve finally realized it’s practically impossible to live in the same building as people who simply don't care. When your neighbor is this careless, you're forced to participate in their suffering—and it’s soul-crushing.
I remember living in a different flat downtown, and the neighbor there would neglect their dogs completely. The poor animals would poop inside for days, and the stench was unbelievable. The only safe space was inside my apartment, door shut, with a rug jammed against the bottom to block that sickening smell from crawling in. That was the only way I could keep the stink out.
They are killing Christians in Nigeria, and the Nigerian leaders are trying to deny the truth, despite the overwhelming evidence and their obvious complicity.
Right now, Christians are being targeted by radical Muslims and are being systematically killed.
We mourn the lost, but the killing continues. Gunmen enter churches, slaughtering worshippers. They invade Christian communities, commit unspeakable acts against women, and kill people with absolute impunity. And still, no arrests. We hear of cases where citizens manage to catch an attacker, only for the police to allegedly let them go.
If there is one undeniable truth, it is this: the Nigerian police force is one of the biggest issues we face. How can we call ourselves a country when the very government uses its police to oppress and intimidate the people? Police officers have become thugs for politicians. Our court system is hopelessly corrupt.
Our government and top officials are heavily populated by those who seem to believe in this act of killing people who do not share their religion. They are actively trying to silence Nigerians and deceive the world, claiming these are mere "terrorist attacks" or "farmer-herder clashes," rather than the truth: a direct, orchestrated attack on Christianity itself.
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