Plastics and personal care products contain a chemical that has been related to heart disease.
We are following this research.
A recent study reveals that exposure to chemicals called phthalates, which are found in many common plastics, may be associated with an increased risk of dying from cardiovascular disease.
Phthalates, often known as plasticizers, are used to make vinyl polymers soft and flexible. They are extensively utilized in industrial food processing, medical devices, and vinyl construction materials, as well as personal care products such as shampoos and lotions.
The study enrolled 5,303 persons (median age 57) who participated in a nationwide health survey and gave urine samples for phthalate exposure assessment. The researchers then tracked the participants' causes of death over the next decade. After adjusting for potential confounding variables, they discovered that exposure to phthalates was related to a slightly increased chance of dying from any cause, but particularly cardiovascular disease.
Exposure to traffic noise is associated with an increased risk of dementia.
Could living near a busy road or train tracks increase your risk of developing dementia? According to a study published in The BMJ on Sept. 11, 2021, people who lived near noisy transportation routes for an extended period of time appeared to have an increased risk of dementia, specifically Alzheimer's disease, compared to those who lived in quieter areas.
Prostatitis is a common inflammatory condition that accounts for over two million doctor visits in the United States each year, but it receives little attention. Certain types of infections are caused by bacteria that are easily detectable and treatable with antibiotics. However, over 90% of the time, prostatitis symptoms (painful urination and ejaculation, pelvic pain, and sexual dysfunction) have no obvious cause. This condition is referred to as chronic nonbacterial prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome, abbreviated as CP/CPPS. Treatments are numerous. Antibiotics are sometimes prescribed first if the condition was preceded by a urinary tract infection. Additionally, they may recommend anti-inflammatory pain medications, stress-reduction techniques, pelvic floor exercises, and occasionally, drugs such as alpha-blockers, which relax the prostate and bladder muscles.
Acupuncture is another treatment option for some men. According to a 2018 review article, acupuncture has the potential to alleviate CP/CPPS symptoms without the side effects associated with drug treatments.
Now, results from a recently published clinical trial demonstrate that acupuncture-induced symptom relief is long-lasting. The findings, which were published in the prestigious journal Annals of Internal Medicine, are encouraging for people who suffer from CP/CPPS.
Acupuncture is a treatment that involves inserting single-use needles into "acupoints" throughout the body and manipulating them manually, with heat, or with electrical stimulation. The researchers at ten institutions in China randomly assigned 440 men with prostatitis to receive either real acupuncture or a control sham procedure in which the needles were inserted away from traditional acupoints for twenty sessions (over eight weeks).
A new study suggests that adopting a healthy lifestyle may help reduce blood levels of a marker associated with an increased risk of heart disease. C-reactive protein (CRP) is a result of inflammation, an immunological reaction that contributes to the production of artery-clogging plaque. CRP levels of greater than 3 milligrams per liter (mg/L) are connected with an increased risk of heart disease.
Breast cancer is the most frequently diagnosed type of cancer in women in the United States and the second largest cause of cancer-related mortality. Each year, it is believed that approximately 270,000 women — and a much lower number of men — are diagnosed. When detected early, it is frequently highly curable.
A promising new approach to targeted therapy may expand treatment options for some women with early-stage breast cancer associated with specific genetic mutations. (Cancers in the early stages have not spread to distant organs or tissues.)
BRCA mutations that are inherited are aberrant abnormalities in these genes that are handed down from parent to kid. When an individual carries a BRCA mutation, their body is unable to repair regular DNA damage to cells as easily. This cumulative damage to cells may contribute to the development of cancer. Having a BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutation — or both — increases a person's risk of developing breast, ovarian, prostate, or pancreatic cancer, as well as melanoma. Other gene alterations and other factors can also affect a person's risk of developing breast cancer.
In general, only about 3% to 5% of all women diagnosed with breast cancer have BRCA gene mutations. However, certain subgroups of people are more likely to have BRCA mutations, including those with triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), Ashkenazi Jewish heritage, a significant family history of breast and/or ovarian cancer, and younger women with breast cancer.
Estrogen receptor-positive, HER2-negative breast cancer: Women with a BRCA2 mutation are more likely to develop estrogen receptor-positive, HER2-negative breast cancer — that is, cancer cells that are fuelled by estrogen but not by a protein called HER2 (human epidermal growth factor 2).
Women with a BRCA1 mutation are more likely to develop triple-negative breast cancer (ER-/PR-/HER2-) – cancer cells that are not fuelled by estrogen, progesterone, or HER2.
Understanding what causes various types of breast cancer to grow aids scientists in developing new treatments and physicians in selecting available therapies to delay or stop tumor growth. Frequently, this will require a combination of treatments.
A promising new approach to targeted therapy may expand treatment options for some women with early-stage breast cancer associated with specific genetic mutations. (Cancers in the early stages have not spread to distant organs or tissues.)
What does the BRCA gene do?
You may have heard of the BRCA (BReast CAncer) gene family, which includes the BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes. Normally, BRCA genes contribute to the repair of DNA (genetic code) damage that occurs on a regular basis in cells throughout the human body.BRCA mutations that are inherited are aberrant abnormalities in these genes that are handed down from parent to kid. When an individual carries a BRCA mutation, their body is unable to repair regular DNA damage to cells as easily. This cumulative damage to cells may contribute to the development of cancer. Having a BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutation — or both — increases a person's risk of developing breast, ovarian, prostate, or pancreatic cancer, as well as melanoma. Other gene alterations and other factors can also affect a person's risk of developing breast cancer.
In general, only about 3% to 5% of all women diagnosed with breast cancer have BRCA gene mutations. However, certain subgroups of people are more likely to have BRCA mutations, including those with triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), Ashkenazi Jewish heritage, a significant family history of breast and/or ovarian cancer, and younger women with breast cancer.
Breast cancer types and inherited BRCA mutations
Breast cancers of specific types are frequently detected in women with BRCA gene mutations.Estrogen receptor-positive, HER2-negative breast cancer: Women with a BRCA2 mutation are more likely to develop estrogen receptor-positive, HER2-negative breast cancer — that is, cancer cells that are fuelled by estrogen but not by a protein called HER2 (human epidermal growth factor 2).
Women with a BRCA1 mutation are more likely to develop triple-negative breast cancer (ER-/PR-/HER2-) – cancer cells that are not fuelled by estrogen, progesterone, or HER2.
Understanding what causes various types of breast cancer to grow aids scientists in developing new treatments and physicians in selecting available therapies to delay or stop tumor growth. Frequently, this will require a combination of treatments.
A new treatment option for early-stage breast cancers associated with BRCA mutations
Women with early-stage breast cancer and hereditary BRCA1/BRCA2 mutations were included in the Olympia trial. Despite normal treatment, all were at significant risk of breast cancer recurrence.
surgical procedure (a mastectomy or lumpectomy)
Chemotherapy (which may be administered before to or following surgery), radiation, and maybe a hormone-blocking medication called endocrine therapy.
They were randomly allocated to consume olaparib or a placebo (sugar tablets) twice daily for one year.
Olaparib is a member of a class of medications known as PARP inhibitors. PARP (poly adenosine diphosphate-ribose polymerase) is a typically occurring enzyme that aids in DNA repair. By inhibiting this enzyme in BRCA-mutated cancer cells, increasing DNA damage leads the cells to die.
The New England Journal of Medicine reported the study's findings. Women who got olaparib were less likely than those who received a placebo to have their breast cancer relapse or metastasis (spread to distant organs or tissues). After an average of two and a half years, slightly more than 85% of women who took olaparib were alive and had no recurrence of cancer or new second malignancy, compared to 77% of women given with placebo.
The olaparib-treated group had a 92 percent chance of survival, while the placebo group had an 88 percent chance of survival.
Olaparib may cause a decrease in white blood cell count, a decrease in red blood cell count, and fatigue. These were extremely unlikely to develop.
The study participants had received standard breast cancer treatment:
surgical procedure (a mastectomy or lumpectomy)
Chemotherapy (which may be administered before to or following surgery), radiation, and maybe a hormone-blocking medication called endocrine therapy.
They were randomly allocated to consume olaparib or a placebo (sugar tablets) twice daily for one year.
Olaparib is a member of a class of medications known as PARP inhibitors. PARP (poly adenosine diphosphate-ribose polymerase) is a typically occurring enzyme that aids in DNA repair. By inhibiting this enzyme in BRCA-mutated cancer cells, increasing DNA damage leads the cells to die.
The New England Journal of Medicine reported the study's findings. Women who got olaparib were less likely than those who received a placebo to have their breast cancer relapse or metastasis (spread to distant organs or tissues). After an average of two and a half years, slightly more than 85% of women who took olaparib were alive and had no recurrence of cancer or new second malignancy, compared to 77% of women given with placebo.
Additionally, the researchers calculated that after three years:
With olaparib, the probability of cancer not spreading to distant organs or tissues was roughly 88 percent, compared to 80 percent with placebo.The olaparib-treated group had a 92 percent chance of survival, while the placebo group had an 88 percent chance of survival.
Olaparib may cause a decrease in white blood cell count, a decrease in red blood cell count, and fatigue. These were extremely unlikely to develop.
Conclusion
Olaparib has previously been licensed by the Food and Drug Administration for the treatment of BRCA-related ovarian, pancreatic, and prostate cancers, as well as metastatic breast cancer. FDA approval for BRCA-related early-stage breast cancer is expected soon, based on this study. These findings imply that continuing to take olaparib for a year following completion of normal therapy may be a suitable option for women with early-stage breast cancer who have a hereditary BRCA gene mutation and are at a high risk of cancer recurrence and, possibly, metastasis.
Pexel image
Colds and influenza, two well-known upper respiratory illnesses, will be on the rise in the near future. We had unusually low flu rates last year. Many analysts believe we will not be as fortunate this year.
Think zinc.
According to a new evaluation of the current research, over-the-counter zinc tablets may be one method to make cold and flu season a little easier. Of course, this isn't the first study to look into zinc as a COVID-19 antiviral treatment. However, the outcomes of the previous studies have been mixed at best: some studies show a slight benefit, while others show no benefit, and the research quality has been low. Zinc can also cause unpleasant side effects, such as stomach trouble, nausea, and, in some cases, a loss of sense of smell.
What did the research reveal?
According to the study, zinc can be used to prevent or treat colds and flu-like diseases. It was published in BMJ Open in November 2021. The researchers looked at over 1,300 prior studies before narrowing it down to 28 well-designed trials with over 5,000 study participants. What they discovered was as follows:
Cold and flu-like disease prevention:
Zinc pills or nasal spray zinc are linked to fewer upper respiratory infections when compared to placebo. The estimated effect was modest: for every 20 people who used zinc, about one illness was averted. The evidence supporting these conclusions is considered weak.
According to a few studies, the greatest preventive effects were seen in the reduction of severe symptoms including fever and flu-like illness. It's worth mentioning that the research didn't confirm whether or not the subjects were infected with the flu virus.
Zinc did not prevent colds in small investigations of people who were deliberately exposed to the virus.
Think zinc.
According to a new evaluation of the current research, over-the-counter zinc tablets may be one method to make cold and flu season a little easier. Of course, this isn't the first study to look into zinc as a COVID-19 antiviral treatment. However, the outcomes of the previous studies have been mixed at best: some studies show a slight benefit, while others show no benefit, and the research quality has been low. Zinc can also cause unpleasant side effects, such as stomach trouble, nausea, and, in some cases, a loss of sense of smell.
What did the research reveal?
According to the study, zinc can be used to prevent or treat colds and flu-like diseases. It was published in BMJ Open in November 2021. The researchers looked at over 1,300 prior studies before narrowing it down to 28 well-designed trials with over 5,000 study participants. What they discovered was as follows:
Cold and flu-like disease prevention:
Zinc pills or nasal spray zinc are linked to fewer upper respiratory infections when compared to placebo. The estimated effect was modest: for every 20 people who used zinc, about one illness was averted. The evidence supporting these conclusions is considered weak.
According to a few studies, the greatest preventive effects were seen in the reduction of severe symptoms including fever and flu-like illness. It's worth mentioning that the research didn't confirm whether or not the subjects were infected with the flu virus.
Zinc did not prevent colds in small investigations of people who were deliberately exposed to the virus.
Colds and flu-like illnesses can be treated using the following remedies:
When compared to placebo, those who took zinc saw a two-day delay in the onset of symptoms. According to the study, if 100 persons with upper respiratory infections were given zinc, an additional 19 would have recovered entirely by day seven. The evidence supporting these conclusions is considered weak.
Some indicators of symptom severity were lower in the zinc group (compared to the placebo group): those receiving zinc reported milder symptoms on day three of the infection. Furthermore, those who took zinc had an 87 percent lower incidence of severe symptoms. However, the daily average symptom severity was comparable between the zinc and placebo groups. These findings were poor to moderate data quality and certainty.
Before stocking up on zinc, what else should you keep in mind?
While these data show that zinc may have the potential to prevent or reduce cold and flulike illness, there are a few more points to consider:
Consequences.
Side effects, such as nausea and mouth or nose discomfort, were more frequent in those receiving zinc (vs placebo). Fortunately, none of the incidents were serious. However, for some people, these may be enough to make them discontinue taking zinc.
Cost.
Zinc supplements are commonly available at a low cost. A month's worth of zinc lozenges might cost as little as $2 (though I've seen some kinds for as much as $75 on the internet).
Deficiency in zinc.
It was determined that none of the subjects in the study had low zinc levels or that they were unlikely to be zinc deficient. Between taking zinc to prevent or treat respiratory infections versus taking zinc because your body doesn't have enough zinc, there is a significant difference. People with poor nutrition or digestive problems that interfere with mineral absorption are more prone to have zinc deficiency, which necessitates supplementation to avoid major repercussions such as decreased immune function and poor wound healing.
Different doses or varieties are available. To establish the optimum manner to absorb zinc, more research is needed.
A recent study demonstrates that the alternate biopsy procedure for the prostate is more complicated.
A biopsy is often the next step if a screening test for prostate cancer indicates an abnormality. This is generally always accomplished in the United States by inserting a biopsy needle through the rectum into the prostate. Doctors can see the needle's path using an ultrasound machine. This treatment, referred to as transrectal ultrasonography (TRUS) biopsy, carries a minor but growing risk of infections that are becoming increasingly resistant to current medications.
To further reduce infection risk, surgeons can thread the biopsy needle into the perineum, a region of skin between the anus and scrotum. This circumvents rectal bacteria. Additionally, these so-called transperineal (TP) biopsies enable improved access to the tip (or apex) of the prostate, which accounts for 30% of malignancies. They are, however, more painful for the patient. They were formerly performed exclusively in hospital operating rooms under general anesthesia.
Today, technological advancements enable doctors to do TP biopsies in their own offices under local anesthetic. And as a result of this progress, the urge to minimize infections through the use of this strategy is increasing.
Harvard researchers have compared the two approaches in terms of cancer detection and complication rates. The trial enrolled 260 men, all of whom were highly matched in terms of age, race, prostate-specific antigen levels, and other diagnostic results. Between 2014 and 2020, half of the men received TRUS biopsies and the other half received TP biopsies. All operations were conducted at a single medical practice. To prepare, all males in the TRUS group received prophylactic antibiotics according to established clinical standards. In comparison, only 43% of males in the TP group received antibiotics, which was consistent with physician recommendations.
When it came to finding cancer, 62% of TP patients were found to have it, whereas 74% of TRUS patients had it found. There were no significant variations in cancer detection rates. However, 15% of men with cancer in the TP group had apical tumors that the TRUS biopsies "may have missed," according to the study's authors.
While advancements occur on a daily basis in science, real breakthroughs are uncommon. What does it take to make game-changing scientific discoveries? Some are the consequence of a fortunate accident paired with curiosity: scientists driving down one road discover a reason to deviate onto another, one they had not intended to travel – a route that may possibly lead nowhere.
Other significant discoveries have occurred as a result of scientists pursuing a very specific dream. They have an idea that they can't stop thinking about one day, usually early in their career. They think it's insane, but is it truly impossible? They consult with respected peers, who frequently remind them of all the reasons their proposal can fail and the potential consequences for their career. It's a sobering lesson, but the concept will endure. As a result, they search for financial assistance and colleagues prepared to take the risk of driving down that road with them — a route that may or may not lead somewhere. However, occasionally, the path leads to big advances such as penicillin and mRNA vaccines.
Briefings on current events
Having a good listener in your life may have a far greater impact on your health than simply making you feel better when you need to sort out your emotions. According to a study published online Aug. 16, 2021, by JAMA Network Open, this form of assistance may also contribute to improved cognition in our older years. Researchers at Harvard and other institutions analyzed over 2,200 participants' self-reported social support data, as well as psychological assessments and brain volume scans. (Brain shrinkage may be a symptom of aging or dementia-related abnormalities.) In comparison to those who did not have strong listeners in their lives, those who always had someone to listen exhibited greater cognitive resilience – superior thinking abilities relative to the amount of brain volume loss. According to researchers, having someone to chat with may alleviate stress and brain inflammation and encourage the production of chemicals that enhance brain health and help you stay sharper for longer.
Too much coffee may increase the risk of dementia.
In the journals
While coffee can provide a much-needed mental boost, new research says that you should limit yourself to five or six cups per day; beyond that amount may be detrimental to your brain. The researchers studied over 400,000 adults who consumed coffee on a daily basis (either caffeinated or decaffeinated). Daily consumption was classified into six categories ranging from one to two cups to more than six cups. Around 18,000 individuals had their brain volume evaluated using MRI. The research discovered that, when compared to moderate coffee drinkers (one to two daily cups), heavy coffee drinkers (more than six daily cups) had lower overall brain volume, particularly in the hippocampus, the region responsible for short- and long-term memory.
Additionally, heavy drinkers had a 53% increased probability of being diagnosed with dementia compared to light drinkers. The risk was similar whether individuals consumed caffeinated or decaffeinated coffee.
Mentally demanding jobs may help to lower the risk of dementia.
Are you employed in a mentally stimulating position? It may help lessen your risk of developing dementia later in life, according to a study published in The BMJ on Aug. 21, 2021. The researchers pooled data from several studies that explored the relationship between employment characteristics and chronic disease, disability, and death. They discovered that those with intellectually stimulating employment had a 23% lower risk of getting dementia than those with non-stimulating professions. Cognitively stimulating employment was classified as those that required individuals to make independent judgments and perform demanding tasks.
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Migraine relief with dietary omega-3 fatty acids
Increased consumption of the omega-3 fatty acids EPA (eicosapentaenoic acid) and DHA (docosahexaenoic acid) found in fatty fish such as salmon, herring, sardines, mackerel, and trout may help those with chronic migraines.
On average, 182 individuals had 16 headache days per month, with attacks lasting more than five hours, according to a clinical trial published in the July 3, 2021, issue of the British Medical Journal.
Increased consumption of the omega-3 fatty acids EPA (eicosapentaenoic acid) and DHA (docosahexaenoic acid) found in fatty fish such as salmon, herring, sardines, mackerel, and trout may help those with chronic migraines.
On average, 182 individuals had 16 headache days per month, with attacks lasting more than five hours, according to a clinical trial published in the July 3, 2021, issue of the British Medical Journal.
The American Academy of Dermatology (AAD) is urging people to check their skin and nails for cancer signs. Under and around the fingernails and toenails, melanoma can develop. According to the AAD, it frequently manifests itself on the thumb or big toe of your dominant hand or foot.
A brown or black streak beneath the nail, a bump or nodule beneath the nail, the darker skin around the nail, a nail that is lifting and pulling away from the nail bed, or a split down the middle of the nail are all signs of melanoma in and around the nails. Melanoma becomes more prevalent as people age, but it is highly treatable if detected early.
A brown or black streak beneath the nail, a bump or nodule beneath the nail, the darker skin around the nail, a nail that is lifting and pulling away from the nail bed, or a split down the middle of the nail are all signs of melanoma in and around the nails. Melanoma becomes more prevalent as people age, but it is highly treatable if detected early.
According to studies, smoking cigarettes with a high tar content, as compared to cigarettes with a medium tar content, significantly increases your risk of lung cancer. Therefore, cigarettes branded as low-tar or ultra-light are a safer bet, correct? Wrong. This apparently obvious assumption is untrue, according to research comparing the lung cancer risks of various kinds of cigarettes.
The research lasted six years and enrolled over 900,000 adults in the United States over the age of 30. The researchers examined the risk of lung cancer death in men and women who were current or past smokers or who had never smoked. When the study's findings were examined according to the tar rating of the cigarettes smoked, it was shown that the risk of lung cancer death was greatest for smokers of unfiltered cigarettes with a high tar content. There was no difference in the risk of lung cancer death among smokers of medium-, low-, and very low-tar cigarettes.
These findings are not entirely surprising to academics. According to a recent study, users of low-tar cigarettes compensate for the reduced tar content by altering their inhaling rhythm. Addicts can maintain their nicotine consumption (and exposure to carcinogens) with low-tar cigarettes by plugging ventilation pores in the filter, extending the draw duration, holding the puff longer and deeper, or smoking more cigarettes.
Cigarettes with less tar content were not produced until the 1960s and 1970s. Ultralight cigarettes are a more recent development. Many of the study's participants smoked medium- or high-tar cigarettes before the availability of low-tar cigarettes. As a result, the researchers were unable to assess the risk of lung cancer in people who only smoke low- or very-low-tar cigarettes. Despite this, the researchers feel that low-tar cigarettes have been available long enough and that the data suggests they pose the same danger as medium-tar cigarettes.
HOW TO QUIT SMOKING EFFECTIVELY.
Although quitting smoking is challenging, the advantages – decreased risk of lung cancer and heart disease, to mention a few – are well worth the effort at any age. To reduce your risk of illness, switching to low-tar or ultra-light cigarettes is not the answer. Numerous techniques exist to assist you in achieving your aim of stopping smoking. For further information, contact the American Lung Association, the American Heart Association, or the American Cancer Society. Consult your physician to determine which approach is best for you.
The research lasted six years and enrolled over 900,000 adults in the United States over the age of 30. The researchers examined the risk of lung cancer death in men and women who were current or past smokers or who had never smoked. When the study's findings were examined according to the tar rating of the cigarettes smoked, it was shown that the risk of lung cancer death was greatest for smokers of unfiltered cigarettes with a high tar content. There was no difference in the risk of lung cancer death among smokers of medium-, low-, and very low-tar cigarettes.
These findings are not entirely surprising to academics. According to a recent study, users of low-tar cigarettes compensate for the reduced tar content by altering their inhaling rhythm. Addicts can maintain their nicotine consumption (and exposure to carcinogens) with low-tar cigarettes by plugging ventilation pores in the filter, extending the draw duration, holding the puff longer and deeper, or smoking more cigarettes.
Cigarettes with less tar content were not produced until the 1960s and 1970s. Ultralight cigarettes are a more recent development. Many of the study's participants smoked medium- or high-tar cigarettes before the availability of low-tar cigarettes. As a result, the researchers were unable to assess the risk of lung cancer in people who only smoke low- or very-low-tar cigarettes. Despite this, the researchers feel that low-tar cigarettes have been available long enough and that the data suggests they pose the same danger as medium-tar cigarettes.
HOW TO QUIT SMOKING EFFECTIVELY.
Although quitting smoking is challenging, the advantages – decreased risk of lung cancer and heart disease, to mention a few – are well worth the effort at any age. To reduce your risk of illness, switching to low-tar or ultra-light cigarettes is not the answer. Numerous techniques exist to assist you in achieving your aim of stopping smoking. For further information, contact the American Lung Association, the American Heart Association, or the American Cancer Society. Consult your physician to determine which approach is best for you.
This research is still being monitored
Even moderate drinking may be detrimental to your brain, according to research published online by The BMJ on June 6, 2017. Researchers from the University of Oxford and University College London discovered that imbibers, even those who matched standards for moderate drinking, experienced a greater rate of cognitive loss and brain shrinkage than teetotalers.
The study tracked 550 men and women for 30 years, evaluating their brain structure and function to ascertain the long-term effects of alcohol usage on the mind. They discovered that the more people drank, the more atrophy happened in the hippocampus, a seahorse-shaped region in the brain involved in memory storage. Individuals who consumed 17 standard drinks or more of alcohol per week had the greatest risk. However, even moderate drinkers had an increased risk of cognitive impairments.
Testosterone is a hormone that plays an essential part in men's health, but its primary purpose is to enhance sex drive and performance.
Testosterone levels tend to drop as people become older. They reach a peak in early adulthood and then begin to decline at a rate of up to 1% each year around the age of 40. An injury or disease (such as an infection), chemotherapy or radiation treatment, or some medicines can induce a sudden fall.
Men might suffer from a weak libido and erectile dysfunction when testosterone levels drop too low. Low levels can also lead to tiredness, mood swings, loss of muscular mass, and bone strength.
Most men can maintain sufficient testosterone levels long into their late adulthood. Maintaining good health might also assist to slow down the ageing process. Many older men, however, consider testosterone replacement treatment (TRT) as a way to replenish decreased levels. It's reasonable to believe that TRT might make a man feel younger and give his sex life more physical strength and good health.
Protein is necessary for men to maintain muscle mass and strength as they age. According to research published online by JAMA Internal Medicine on July 13, 2020, the source of that protein may also influence how long people live. Scientists studied the diets of almost 400,000 people aged 50 and over who ate plant-based protein, red meat, and eggs. After then, they were tracked for more than 16 years. People who ate primarily plant protein rather than red meat or egg protein had a 13 per cent to 24 per cent decreased chance of dying from any cause.
If you've never had a urinary tract infection (UTI), take note: while the illnesses are uncommon in older males, they are frequent in older women, occurring in 10% of women aged 65 to 85. Up to a third of women who get a UTI will experience a recurrence within six months.
"E. coli bacteria which live in the intestines are responsible for roughly 80% of all recurrent UTIs and continue to generate antibiotic-resistant germ strains. The bacteria' ability to adhere to the urinary tract can make them extremely difficult to eliminate.
The causes of urinary tract infections
UTIs can develop in any part of the urinary system, including the kidneys, bladder, ureters (the tubes that carry urine from the kidneys to the bladder), or urethra (the tube that carries urine out of the body).
Female anatomy — especially, the short urethra that opens to the outer world just above the vagina — has an effect on women's susceptibility. This is because germs from the rectum, particularly E. coli (officially known as Escherichia coli), can be pushed into the urethra opening by wiping or sexual intercourse. They can then ascend the urethra to the bladder.
"Because males have a larger urethra, they seldom acquire UTIs," "However, occasionally, a man's enlarged prostate gland obstructs the passage of urine from the bladder, resulting in urine pooling and providing a breeding ground for germs.
What is pollution?
Pollution is defined as anything that is introduced into the environment by humans that damages human health or ecosystems. There are different types of pollutions and they all affect human health. Air pollution, water pollution and soil pollution. These forms of pollution happen by the use of heavy metals, chemicals, gasses, germs, and even noise.
The combustion of fossil fuels (coal, gas, and oil), as well as wildfires, contribute to outdoor air pollution. These produce toxic fumes, smog (due to ground-level ozone), and soot (fine particles) that are dangerous to inhale. Fireplaces and home cookstoves that utilize gas, coal, or biomass fuels like wood or agricultural waste, which are sometimes used in low-income countries, are among the sources of indoor air pollution.
Since the passage of the Clean Air Act in 1970, air pollution in the United States has significantly decreased. However, certain air pollutant levels have risen in recent years, and air pollution continues to have severe national and global health impacts.
Different studies over the years have frequently repeatedly shown that increased outdoor air levels of fine particulate matter correspond to increased hospitalizations for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease exacerbation, stroke, diabetes, heart disease, pneumonia and other severe health issues. Whether it is a long term exposure or short-term exposure, they are all effective.
What is the impact of air pollution on your health?
This year, a study looked at worldwide models of pollution levels and risk assessments of the global population over the course of 14 years. It links fossil fuel consumption to over nine million premature deaths worldwide in 2018 — one in every five fatalities — with over 350,000 deaths in the United States. Heart attacks and strokes account for the majority of these fatalities.
This is an ongoing research
An infection, heart surgery, or unknown causes might cause the pericardium (the lining surrounding the heart) to become irritated. Pericarditis is a type of irritation that causes acute, stabbing pain in the centre of the chest. Although it normally goes away after four to six weeks, some people have many attacks.
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